Methodology to improve organizational effectiveness Essay Example for Free

Methodology to improve institutional effectiveness EssayA non-profit organization should use both qualitative and quantitative performance measures, based on the organizations mission goals and objectives, to show financial and programmatic accountability in a transparent environment. Qualitative and quantitative seek methods freighter be used in marketing, financial planning, fundraising and program research and evaluation. This paper will define and discuss these models as they relate to a non-profit organization. Examples of their covering and benefits will be given with respect to the affair Skills Center, a 501 (c)3 organization. Qualitative versus quantitative digest When making decisions in a non-profit organization, there are deuce general approaches to problem solving quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative approach uses mathematical reasoning involving numerical data and involves data collection using such methods as structured surveys and interviews and re view of related documents. Qualitative research involves non-numerical information, such as in-depth interviews, focus groups, open-ended surveys and observation.Both have their place in research and analysis conducted in non-profit organizations. Effective use in non-profit organizations Using both qualitative and quantitative analysis, separately and/or together, to evaluate and improve the performance of an organization is minute to its success. Data that may be used with these methods include financial and operations data, marketing, communications and fundraising data, programs and outcomes data and external data (The State of Non-profit Data. 2012. ).Analyzing budget revenues, expenses and variances among projected numbers and actual numbers uses a quantitative method and is helpful in creating a more accurate budget. In addition to budgeting, the Employment Skills Center uses quantitative analysis in measuring outcomes for reporting to the Pennsylvania Department of Educati on and funder reporting. These outcomes include participation rates, program completion, educational gains, employment and property and client demographics. Qualitative analysis is used to evaluate client needs and satisfaction in order to improve program services.It is also used in volunteer management and retention and staff development. Mixed methodology is useful in board evaluation, job performance reviews, fund development, marketing and communications and up program effectiveness. Impact analysis is the cornerstone of non-profit sustainability and involves both quantitative and qualitative methodology. It allows you to find out what is and is not working in your organization. It shows your current and potential funders, and the community, what your organization does and how it benefits your clients and the community.It can help raise additional funds by providing evidence of the organizations effectiveness. It can improve staff effectiveness by identifying strengths and weakn esses. By looking at certain statistical data provided by the U. S. Census Bureau and the U. S. Bureau of Labor and statistics such as population projections, educational levels, unemployment rates and economic indicators we can evaluate the current need for services and use the data in grant applications, donor solicitations and community awareness.

Child Abuse Essay Example for Free

Child Abuse EssayIn order to curb the cases of child abuse, effective nurture and awareness campaign should be conducted in schools and communities. Through this education and awareness campaign, children allow learn about their rights and activities that may be construed as child abuse. noesis about rights and any activities that may resemble abuse will certainly help children deal with the issue if they come face to face with it. The paper will look into effective means of promoting awareness about child abuse among children in the community. Secondly, it will look at the risk factor that contributes to the situation of child abuse.Lastly, the study will prescribe an awareness and education campaign for implementation. Previous education and awareness campaigns will also be considered in the paper. Library research and interviews will be conducted. One of the challenges that will beset the study will be the view that educational campaigns, especially those conducted using dope media will bewilder limited effect or impact on the proliferation of child abuse. The validity of this demarcation will be addressed by presenting studies dealing with the impact of mass media on child abuse awareness campaigns.Furthermore, the study can present a case study that will deal directly with the challenges posed. While the argument may have certain validity, a single means of promoting awareness and education campaign is bound to fail. Hence, additional communication channels should be place for the campaign. Reference Teicher, M. H. (2002). Scars that Wont Heal The Neurobiology of Child Abuse. Scientific American, 286 (3), 54-61. This journal article presents the difficult processes that victims of child abuse go through. It is an indictment of child abuse.At the same time, the author presents interesting recommendations on how child abuse victims can be dealt with so they can cope with pain and trauma. This also provides important cortical potential into the manner of prevention of child abuse. Glaser, D. (2000). Child Abuse and Neglect and the Brain A Review. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41, 97-116. The mental and aflame impact of child abuse is difficult to deal with. Hence, this study helps researchers and other people interested in child abuse to look at these impacts and how to mystify at sound policies for intervention and information campaign.

Civil War In Chad History Essay

Civil fight In Chad History EssayAfter acquire the independence from France in 1960, the north-central African nation of Chad has undergone four civil wars. These Chadian Civil Wars were against France, Libya, Sudan, Zaire/Congo, and the United States. . The current civil war is similarly connected to the neighbourers Sudan.Following are the civil wars that had been happened so far1. First Chad Civil War (1965-1979)2. blink of an eye Chad Civil War (1979-1982)3. Third Chad Civil War (1998-2002)4. Fourth Chad Civil War (2005-present)First Chad Civil War (1965-1979) The First Chadian Civil War started in 1965/66, with riots and insurgency against Chadian president Franois Tombalbayes rule, cognize for its authoritarianism and distrust of democracy.By January 1962, Tombalbaye had banned all political parties except his own Chadian Progressive Party (PPT), and started immediately concentrating all power in his own hands. His treatment of opponents, real or imagined, was extremely h arsh, filling the prisons with thousands of political prisoners. What was even worse was his constant discrimination against the central and northern regions of Chad, where the southern Chadian administrators came to be perceived as arrogant and incompetent.A long civil war began as a tax revolt in 1965 and soon inflexible the Muslim north and east against the southern-led brass. Even with the help of French combat violences, the Tombalbaye government was never able to quell the insurgency. Tombalbayes rule became more irrational and brutal, atomic number 82 the military to carry out a coup on April 13, 1975 (in which Tombalbaye was killed), and to install Gen. Felix Malloum, a southerner, as head of state. In 1978, Malloum government was broadened to include more northerners. congenital dissent within the government led the northern prime minister, sibilatene Habr, to send his forces against the national army in the capital city of capital of Chad in February 1979. The result ing civil war amongst the 11 emergent factions was so widespread that it rendered the central government largely irrelevant. At that point, other African governments decided to intervene.Second Chad Civil War (1979-1982) The Translational Government of subject area Unity was coalition government of armed group that ruled Chad from the time period among 1979 to1982, during the near chaotic phase of the long running civil war which happened in 1965 to 1979.The GUNT replaced the fragile alliance led by Felix Malloum and Hissene Habre, which was collapsed in February 1979. The characteristics of the GUNT can be beat out by the intense rivalries that led to armed confrontations and Libyan intervention in 1980. Libya intervenes in the support of the GUNT President Goukouni Oueddei against the former GUNT Defence Minister Hissne Habr.Because of international pressures and uneasy relations between Goukouni and Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi, Goukouni asked the Libyans to leave Chad in November 1981 they were replaced by an Inter-African Force (IAF). The IAF showed itself un provideing to confront Habrs militia, and on June 7, 1982, the GUNT was ousted by Habr Goukouni fled into exile.A series of four international conferences held first under Nigerian and then Organization of African Unity (OAU) sponsorship attempted to bring the Chadian factions together. At the fourth conference, held in Lagos, Nigeria, in August 1979, the Lagos accord was gestural. This accord established a transitional government pending national elections. In November 1979, the National Union Transition Government (GUNT) was created with a mandate to govern for 18 months. Goukouni Oueddei, a northerner, was named President Colonel Kamougue, a southerner, Vice President and Habr, Minister of Defense. This coalition be fragile in January 1980, fighting broke out again between Goukounis and Habrs forces. With assistance from Libya, Goukouni regained control of the capital and other urban cent ers by days end. However, Goukounis January 1981 statement that Chad and Libya had agreed to work for the realization of complete unity between the two countries generated intense international pressure and Goukounis subsequent call for the complete drug withdrawal of external forces. Libyas partial withdrawal to the Aozou Strip in northern Chad cleared the way for Habers forces to enter NDjamena in June. French troops and an OAU peace admiting force of 3,500 Nigerian, Senegalese, and Zairian troops (partially funded by the United States) remained neutral during the booking.Third Chad Civil War (1998-2002)The CSNPD, led by Kette Moise and other southern groups entered into a peace agreement with government forces in 1994, which later broke down. Two new groups, the Armed Forces for a Federal Republic (FARF) led by former Kette ally Laokein Barde and the Democratic face up for Renewal (FDR), and a reformulated MDD clashed with government forces from 1994 to 1995.Talks with politic al opponents in early 1996 did not go well, but Deby announced his intent to hold presidential elections in June. Deby won the countrys first multi-party presidential elections with support in the second round from opposition leader Kebzabo, defeating General Kamougue (leader of the 1975 coup against Tombalbaye). Debbys MPS party won 63 of 125 seats in the January 1997 legislative elections. International observers noted numerous serious irregularities in presidential and legislative election proceedings.By mid-1997 the government signed peace deals with FARF and the MDD leadership and succeeded in cutting off the groups from their rear bases in the Central African Republic and Cameroon. Agreements also were struck with move ups from the National Front of Chad (FNT) and run for Social Justice and land in October 1997. However, peace was short-lived, as FARF lifts clashed with government soldiers, finally surrendering to government forces in May 1998. Barde was killed in the figh ting, as were hundreds of other southerners, virtually civilians.Since October 1998, Chadian Movement for Justice and Democracy (MDJT) rebels, led by Yusuf Togoimi until his death in September 2002, have skirmished with government troops in the Tidbits region, resulting in hundreds of civilian, government, and rebel casualties, but little ground won or lost. No active armed opposition has emerged in other parts of Chad, although Kette Moise, following senior postings at the Ministry of Interior, mounted a small scale local operation near Moundou which was quickly and violently suppressed by government forces in late 2000.Deby, in the mid-1990s, gradually restored basic functions of government and entered into agreements with the World Bank and IMF to carry out substantial economic reforms. Oil exploitation in the southern Dobra region began in June 2000, with World Bank Board approval to finance a small portion of a project aimed at transport of Chadian crude through a 1000-km. bu ried pipeline through Cameroon to the Gulf of Guinea. The project establishes unique mechanisms for World Bank, private sector, government, and civil society collaboration to guarantee that future embrocate revenues benefit local populations and result in poverty alleviation. Success of the project will depend on intensive monitoring efforts to ensure that all parties keep their commitments. Debt relief was accorded to Chad in May 2001.Fourth Chad Civil War (2005-present) The current civil war in Chad began in December 2005. The conflict involved Chadian government forces and some(prenominal) Chadian rebel groups. These include the United Front for Democratic Change, United Forces for Development and Democracy, Gathering of Forces for Change and the National Accord of Chad. The conflict has also involved the Janjaweed, while Sudan allegedly supported the rebels, while Libya mediated in he conflict, as well as diplomats from other countries.In 2005, Chadian President Idriss Deby ch anged the constitution so that he could run for a third term in office, which sparked mass desertions from the army. The large-scale desertions from the army in 2004 and 2005, which forced Deby to resolve his presidential guard and form a new elite military force, weakened the presidents position and encouraged the growth of armed opposition groups. The Rally for Democracy and Liberation (RDL) was formed in August 2005, and the Platform for Unity, Democracy and Change ( hit), two months later, to overthrow the current government, accusing it of being corrupt and totalitarian. Later that year, the RDL and SCUD joined six other groups to form the United Front for Democracy and Change (FUCD).The situation was made worse by the alleged accumulation of inunct wealth by Deby and his entourage. On 6 January 2006, Janjaweed militants crossed the border from Sudan into Chad and attacked the cities of Borota, Ade, and Moudaina. Nine civilians were killed and trine were seriously injured.Th e Chadian government stated, The Sudanese militias attacked the settlements of Borota, Ade, Moudainayesterday killing nine and injuring three among the civilian population The Chadian government once again warns the Sudanese government against any hasty action because aggression by Sudanese militias will not go unpunished for much longer.In February 2007, a coalition of four rebel groups claimed to have taken the eastern border town of Adre. Chad jilted a plan to have U.N. troops along its eastern border. Victims from this attack were documented in the film Google Darfur. In March Former rebel Mahamat Nour Abdelkerim became defending team minister. Government give tongue to Sudanese Janjaweed militia attacked and destroyed two villages in east Chad. On 26 October 2007, a peace agreement was signed between the government of Chad and four rebel groups the Movement for Resistance and Change, the National Accord of Chad and two factions of the United Forces for Development and Democr acy.In late November 2007, the rebel leader Mahamat Nouri impeach Idriss Deby of ordering an attack on his fighters in the east of Chad. The army said on public radio there were several hundred dead and several injured among the Union of Forces for Democracy and Development (UFDD) fighters. Abakar Tollimi, secretary-general of the UFDD, disputed the army toll, saying only 17 rebels were killed. We have killed more than 100 from among the army ranks, he said after the clashes.On 30 November 2007, the UFDD declared a state of war against French and foreign military forces in an apparent warning to EUFOR Chad/CAR, comprising 3,700 European Union peacekeeping troops, who should deploy in eastern Chad on a U.N. mission to protect camps housing more than 400,000 Chadian and Sudanese refugees.Steps to be taken to break-dance the civil war in Chad The main reason for the first civil war in Chad was the president of the Chad. He can stop those riots but he did not do so. Because he want al l the power of Chad in his hand.First of all he should listen the need of the rebel groups. All the talk can be done by the violence but he did not do that. By spreading the violence it would be stopped. Efforts to end the war and resort to peace talks have been made, including by the U.S. government. There have been democratic advances, including the creation of a High Court and a Constitutional Court, the introduction of multi party elections and an increasingly free press. But Chad still remains highly divided along ethnic, cultural, political and regional lines and widespread repression by Debbys security forces continues.

Impact of Market Environment on Lays Company

Impact of martplace Environment on seculars CompanyThe behavior of establishment in their market environment and the signifi understructurece of the global factors that var. discipline demarcation activitiesPapia Hasan PopyExecutive SummaryThis report is based on different types of business information and the issues and constraints within the organization.Name of organization laysChapter 1 Introduction disgraces is a name of a potato chips make from Canadian spuds. The owner of the company is Herman W. amaze. He first started producing potato chips in his machines therefore he finally influenced potato in chips with flavors. Lays was then first snack to be promoted on Television gutter 1944. Soon it became so popular snacks in all over Canada. And by 1977 Lays became the most prefer satisfactory chip brands and dominating over the market. overdue to its flavor and taste Lays many good deal love Lays. They basically manufacture and produce different flavors of potato chips and have able to create their brand value.Chapter 2 Background of the Study2.1 Objective of the study2.1.1 Broad objectiveThe behaviour of organizations in their market environment.The significance of the global factors that shape national business activities.2.1.2 Specific objectiveHow market structure de marchesine the pricing and output decision of businessThe way in which market forces shape organizational responses.How the business and cultural environments shape the behavior of an organizationSignificance of world-wide trade.The feign of global factors on business organization.The impact of policies of the international art communities on business organization.2.2 Methodology2.2.1 Area of studyThe current situation of Bangladesh.2.2.2 Sources of dataWebsite, Outlets, Books, Leaflet and Newsletter.2.3 Limitations of studyCommunication gap.Intolerable traffic jam made dilemma.Net reckon failure while working with net.Chapter 3 Analysis and FindingsTask 8 (LO 3.1) Explain how market structures determine the pricing and output decision of the organization.Market structure It depends on the number of buyers and suppliers in order to run a business.Types of market structure unadulterated competitionPure monopolyMonopolistic competitionOligopolyPerfect competition In this competition there argon many buyers and many sellers. The yields atomic number 18 alike and entrance and exit is rattling easy. If the price is change magnitude then consumer go away move to an another(prenominal) product if the price is extremely game as output depends on buyers demand. Lays is exchange different flavors of potato chips and their contenders ar Sun chips, Alooz and Pringles.Pure monopoly Only one seller who dominate the whole market. They usually charge high price as there is no competitor and spend a lot on branding and R and D. But this is not applicable for Lays as there are many competitors are available in the market.Monopolistic competition There are many se llers but market is dominated by few. Brand loyalty has a competitive advantage and firms are altered by Competitors. Lays product is varies in flavors but all products are potato chips and the price is reasonable. The output depends on the demand of the product.Oligopoly There are many buyers but few sellers. Huge capital needed so debut and exit is very difficult and each seller run intos a particular portion of the market. Price and output is affected by competitors. Lays does not follow this.Task 9 (LO 3.2) Illustrate (with example) the way in which market forces shape organizational responses.I have chosen Lays to place the shape of market forces.Demand Willingness to buy a product and depends on desire and affordability. It is affected due to price, income level, substitute product and competition.Elasticity of demand How bendable the demand is. If price increases then demand returns and vice-versa. If income level remains unchanged and price increases then demand decre ases but if income level increases then demand is stable.Lays is an elastic product so they need to keep their price stable beca part substitute products like Alooz and Sun chips are available in the market and also they are the competitors of Lays. If the price of Lays increases then clients lead switch to Alooz.Supply The quantity of commodities for sale and depends on profit. It is affected by price of raw materials, technology, technique, labor cost etc.Elasticity of tot up If price increases then bring out increases and vice-versa.Lays should not pull in ones horns the essay to increase their price. If price increases the sales may decreases as substitute products are available in the market. They should keep the price stable and provide steady supply of products or else they might lose customers and their sales.Task 10 (LO 3.3) Judge how the business and cultural environment shape the behaviour of the organizationBusiness environment consists of factors that affect the business and its activities.There are few factors which affects business environmentPolitical FactorsLegal FactorsEconomic FactorsSocial and Cultural Factors etc.But I allow for instruction on cultural and social factors which includeDemographic and PopulationHousehold and FamiliesAttitudes to workReligionNationalismAttitudes to male and female rolesEthics etc.Demographic and Population The nation of Bangladesh is about 18 cores approximately so more labor is available for work and there is also an increase in demand for goods. Lays have better opportunity to do business here because of the large population which makes available of labors and buyers.Household and Families Now a days there are huge number of joint families compared to single families. So buying behavior will be more for joint families.Attitudes to work The working environment inside the factory of Lays is friendly and women are participating there in large numbers.Religion Most of the people of Bangladesh are Mus lims. So Lays should supply halal products.Nationalism In Bangladesh nationalism is less as people are purchasing more imported product then their Countrys product.Attitudes to male and female roles Now a days both men and women are working together in the same environment.Ethics Lays is doing business ethically.Political factors decision taken by government about the public expenditure and victorious taxes. This involves the political stability of a country which favors business. Sometimes government gives grant, subsidy and loans on low interest rates for the development of a business. They maintain the al-Qaida of a country thus developing communication links.Enhancing skills of population Now a days education and training courses are available to make population skilled in their desired field. This will increase the efficiency of labors which will favor business for Lays.Task 11 (LO 4.1) Discuss the significance of international trade to the organizationInternational trade D oing business beyond the boundaries of a country.International trade is important for expansion of business and increasing profit. To acquire resources and to humiliate cost international trade is important. It creates an identity in other countries and also get tax advantage.Lays is doing international business.Global Business Lays is also doing global business. They have exertion plants in different countries of the world. Now they want their production plant in Bangladesh.Multinational Company Lays is having their operation across the globeMicro Multi-National Companies Companies doing business through internet and Lays is not doing business through internet.Reasons behind increased growth of International BusinessLays is a Canadian company doing business globally to get technological advancement, easy and quick communications, existence of trade agreements among countries and Bangladeshi government is more liberal to the companies who want to do business here.Bangladesh is no w developing so Foreign Direct investment is very important for us. It creates employment opportunity, GDP growth and exchange of knowledge, technology, technique, culture etc. Lays is a inappropriate company so they are investing money in our country.FDI in BangladeshFDI in Bangladesh has whatever opportunities and threats which includeThe opportunities are huge markets, availability of labor at low cost, natural resources, low production cost, liberal government and citizens etc. So Lays can take advantages in Bangladesh.The threats are political instability of Bangladesh, lack of infrastructural facility, unavailability of some raw materials, lack of skilled human resources and efficient management etc. These factors must be observed by Lays before doing business in Bangladesh.Task 12 (LO 4.2) Analyse the impact of Global factors on the organizationImport- Goods and service purchased from other country.Export Goods and service sold in other country.Free trade- Allowing people of a country to buy and sale their product as per their want.Exchange rate Price of one country currency in term of other country currency.Protectionism Establishing artificial barrier to discourage foreign trade in order to save the interest of local industry.Barriers to trade are three types.Natural BarriersTariff barrierNon-tariff barrierNatural barrier- Natural things include distance, language, social system, legal system and culture and government has no control on this barrier. As Lays is a multinational company they need good infrastructure like proper distance route to supply their product and service to customer without it Lays will not be able to reach their products to customers which results in losing customers. Proper language should be utilise inside the organization and with the customer in order to maintain good relationship. If employee does not serve with proper language with customers and employee, they will fail to earn customer objective and organization objec tive too.Tariff barriers It is imposed by government which makes imported goods costly it affect Lays a lot because they are multinational company and they import huge amount of product from various countries. If the cost is high they would not able to bring the sufficient amount of products in Bangladesh and it will affect their position in their market place. Due to high cost less product is supplied to customers so tendency of using imported product is affected. It also reduces competition from foreign product.Non-tariff Barriers- It is imposed by government other than tax/duty/Levy.Quota A limit on quantity for certain goods that can be imported. If Lays do not import the quantity of product they need for customers demand they would not able to serve people which will have a great impact on.Embargo Complete ban against importing from exporting to certain country. Lays cannot supply their product to those countries where trade stoppage is given.Customer regulation Make the entry hand for foreign product.Dumping Selling product at a very low price to out-perform competitor in order to capture new market. This is resist by Anti-Dumping law set by government to protect local industries.Task 13 (LO 4.3) valuate the impact of policies of international trading communities on the organization.International trading creates international links among countries which is good for business.International Trading Communities include SAARC, G8, BIMSTEC etc.If Bangladesh did not take part in the international trading communities it will affect Bangladesh and Lays will not be able to do business. There will be no free trade among the member of the countries. The tax duties will be high and the product price will be also high as a result there will be less demand and supply of international products, which will affect Lays. Protectionism will be greater. Exchange of raw materials will be less.so there will be less production of Lays which will create bad impact in the socie ty. Exchange of culture and values will be hampered. It will mainly affect Bangladesh as they will lose their neighbour as intumesce as their helping opportunity.Task 14 Give a decision whether business environment of Bangladesh is favourable for starting the operation/ manufacturing plant/ showroom/ branches of the organization or not. Give proper justification behind your decision. Do you have any recommendation regarding these issues?Lays can start their operations in Bangladesh because potatoes are produced in Bangladesh in large quantities. They can get labors at low cost and tax advantage as Bangladesh government is liberal to foreign investors. They can increase their sales and their brand name in Bangladesh and the political situation is stable now. I would like to suggest some recommendation to Lays before operating in Bangladesh.Chapter 4 RecommendationAs many substitutes are available in the market so they must focus on quality.They must focus on price because Alooz is c harging Tk 15 for each while Lays is charging Tk.30 for each mini pack.If they do not decrease their price they must provide superior quality product to create their brand image.They also must focus on their pacaging so that it looks attarctive so that customer get influenced.They must go for horse cart rally to make people aware about their product.They must offer some short term incentives to promote their product. Such as givng gifts for children.Chapter 5 ConclusionLays is undoubtedly an established organization that emphasize on maintaining quality product and use endorsement in advertisement for their promotion. Although there are many difficulties, Lays has very good brand image and customer acceptance for take up quality product. They are going for continuous survey for the development of their products and service.References1. Lays. 1944. Lays Potato Chips Simply Made. Simply Good. (TM). ONLINE Available at http//www.lays.ca//simplygood/. Accessed 15 March 14.Bibliography Diary composeLecture given by Kashfiya mam

Effects of advertising in hospitals

Effects of publicise in hospitals hospitals atomic number 18 basically perceived to be organisations that abide essential checkup go to mountain from various social segments. They atomic number 18 associated with medical ethics, which traditionally prohibit doctors from denote their services.1Whilst hospital advertisement is a common feature of modern society, it is perceived favourably only when it attempts to provide important information and not when it plainly engages in attracting clients for commercial purposes.2Hospital advertising should thus be carefully conducted to ensure that the public feel that much(prenominal)(prenominal) advertising provides needed information and is not meant to entice people to come to the hospital in nine to improve its revenues and profits. People in the UAE pull up stakes appreciate hospitals that provide useful information ab go forth their services and other medical grapples.2. Hospital Ads increase CostsWhilst advertising is an e ssential part of modern day commercial activity, it is mainly perceived to be an expensive tool that is associated with glamour and employ to attract refreshful customers by business organisations.3Whilst hospitals also operate commercially and do need to be useful to expand their operations and meet stakeholder needs, they are expected to fulfil the medical needs of different social segments and people by and large expect medical services to be provided at scotch and affordable rates.4Extensive advertising by hospitals can thus easily create an impression of such an institution being more interested in commercial benefits than in providing important medical services to people in need. such advertising should thus be done carefully in order to ensure that wrong or negative perceptions are not created in the minds of the public.5With the majority of people in the UK being expatriates, they are potential to be giving of hospital advertising, even as some of them may feel such ad vertising to be unnecessary expenditure.3. I dont trust Hospitals that enunciateSuch emotions essentially arise from people who think all medical and associated activities to be service oriented and noble in nature.6They look cumulus upon medical professionals and institutions that appear to be using their skills and their professional capacities and abilities for personal or organisational financial benefit.7Whilst health care and its associated activities continue to be concerned with the provisioning of services that benefit humans, the altruistic oblation of such services is an anachronism in modern neoliberal society.8Although the majority of healthcare institutions and indeed umteen of healthcare customers associate medical services with profitable professional or organisational activity, some mercenary and traditional individuals think poorly of healthcare associations that are associated, take only or indirectly, with the soliciting of customers. Such people are likely to distrust hospitals that advertise their products and services.9Whilst the expatriates in the UAE may well adopt a tolerant and even appreciative view of hospital advertising, traditional members of UAEs conservative society may react with distrust to hospital advertising.4. Ads are useful in Choosing HospitalsMuch of contemporary hospital advertising is conducted by expert advertising people who understand social sensibilities and perceptions about medical services and take care to ensure that hospital advertising provides important information and messages without appearing to be commercial in nature.10Hospital advertising often deals with services provided by such institutions in different areas and in particular in their areas of specialisation like motherhood care, cardiac health or oncology.11Such advertising plays an extremely useful role and helps prospective users with useful and relevant information.12With education and literacy rates increasing steady in the UAE and the field having a significant proportion of expatriates, information about hospital services will be welcome and is likely to be greatly appreciated.5. Hospital Ads often exploit peoples anxietiesHospital advertising by and large is informative and encourages people otherwise to engage in by the bye checkups for diseases like cancer and diabetics as well as to check for hypertension and other conditions associated with cardiac health.13Exploitation of anxieties is far more associated with the life and medical damages sectors rather than with hospitals. Very few people in the UAE will be disturbed on account of hospital advertising exploiting their anxieties.6. Hospital Ads make people aware of health related issuesThe overwhelming majority of hospital advertising, directly or indirectly, informs people about different health related issues.14Even direct advertising about the services provided by healthcare organisations is essentially concerned with health and provides informati on about it and associated issues.15A large portion of hospital advertising, disregardless of use of media channels, essentially concerns information about health.16The provisioning of such information is one of the biggest benefits of healthcare and hospital advertising.People in the UAE will surely appreciate such information and use it for their personal medical and health associated benefits.Section 2Advertising for healthcare in the U.A.EHealthcare is an important activity in the UAE, particularly in the urban concentrations of Dubai and Abu Dhabi. The quality of healthcare is also high and is accepted to generally be equal to that available in Western Europe and the USA, eject for highly specialised medical and surgical services. With Dubais population being small and being serviced by numerous medical facilities in the public and offstage sector, advertising is routine and common, especially so for organisations in the private sector.17Such advertising is carried out throu gh various media channels like billboards, print advertising, digital signage and flyers.18Healthcare advertising targets specific commercialize segments and communicates the unique selling points of various institutions in the sector to consumers.19Apart from advertising through regular channels, healthcare organisations in the UAE make significant use of PR that works towards developing workable and sustainable communication solutions for individual organisations.20The UAE also has a number of healthcare publications that provide information on different aspects of health and provide a forum for healthcare advertising.21Many healthcare organisations in the UAE stomach well true online nominal head and informative websites, even though online commerce is not commonly used by these organisations.22Recent months have witnessed a growing concern in the region about protecting citizens and residents from unethical advertising by healthcare organisations.23Authorities are clamping d own on advertisements that are targeted at vulnerable customers. Guides on advertising have also been released outlining practices that are considered to be unacceptable and could attract sanctions for breach of code.24Section 3Exit and Entry BarriersAll business sectors are characterised by entry and exit barriers. The barriers to entry represent hurdles or obstacles that prevent or create difficulties for business organisations to enter a particular sector or area of activity.25Barriers to exit on the other hand comprise of the numerous difficulties that organisations may face in withdrawing from a business sector or in closing down a business.26The healthcare sector in the UAE is likely to have numerous barriers to entry as well as to exit. Five such potential entry and exit barriers are detailed below.One of the most important barriers to entry to the sector is likely to be the cost of establishing a new healthcare establishment. The UAE is one of the richest areas in the world and is experiencing inflation. The cost of a new healthcare institution is likely to be expensive and beyond the reach of many organisations.Most healthcare institutions require sophisticated and modern equipment. With medical equipment not being manufactured in the Emirates, all such equipment will have to be ordered and purchased from organisations in different countries. With such equipment being manufactured by a range of organisations in the advanced countries, efficient procurement is likely to be a challenging task.New healthcare organisations can also be expected to face difficulties in obtaining specialists for provisioning of healthcare services to customers. The majority of such specialists will have to be attracted from different countries, mainly from the west and from the Indian subcontinent.Apart from scarcity of medical specialists, the UAE also has a shortage of local paramedical module like physiotherapists and nurses. Arranging for proper individuals to handle th ese functions can also prove to be a challenging task.Last but not least the issue of arranging for proper housing of healthcare facilities is also likely to be difficult. With the UAE being one of the most expensive real estate commercializes in the world, obtaining provide land and buildings for the healthcare preparedness could be a difficult task.The preceding paragraph lists five barriers to entry for healthcare organisations. Healthcare institutions that wish to close down their operations and exit from the market could also face different types of exit barriers.Some organisations may be popular for the quality of their services and their loyal clientele. Such customers could become very disturbed on hearing the news of closure and make efforts to persuade the organisational management to desist from taking such actions.Healthcare organisations that have taken loans from financial institutions and are in debt may face objections from their financiers in closing down operati ons.Other healthcare organisations who want to sell their operations could again face difficulties in locating appropriate buyers who are willing to offer suitable prices.The organisational staff of healthcare institutions could resist closure because of the threat to their jobs and livelihood.Finally healthcare organisations might face resistance from governmental and political authorities, who may think that such a closure could affect the lives and wellbeing of people.Section 4 coating of BCG MatrixThe BCG matrix is a strategic tool that helps organisations in classifying their business units by virtue of their potential to add to organisational wellbeing and competitive advantage.27Business units are, with the BCG matrix, segregated into four cells, namely cash cows, stars, dogs and others.28Cash cows represent businesses that have good market deal but low growth potential. Such products are the mainstays of corporations and are likely to be profitable and should thus be main tained. Surgery can be considered to be a member of this category.Stars are products or services that have high growth potential, high market share and need to be supported with reinvestment. An imaging centre can be considered to be a star.Dogs are businesses that are distinguished by low growth potential and market share. Businesses are usually started to be stars but some of them turn out to be unsuccessful and fall into the category of dogs. Such businesses need to be closed as soon as possible. An expensive CAT scan facility that has now become obsolete and is not drawing customers can be considered to be a dog. Business units of indeterminate potential and low market share are generally placed in the category of others. The potential for an ambulatory-surgery service could be very strong even though it may not be providing good returns. Such a service can turn either into a star or into a dog with time. The application of the BG matrix to a healthcare institution is provided b elowHighLowHighStarsOthersLowCash CowDogsApplication of GE MatrixThe GE matrix was developed to overcome the problems commonly associated with the BCG Matrix like lack of plausible business information and its focus on commodities.29The GE screen has a 3X3 matrix that includes a medium category, uses industry attractiveness rather than market growth and substitutes the market share element of the BCG matrix with competitive position.30Book on strategic sellingThe GE Matrix for a healthcare institution is provided below.Market attractiveness is on the vertical axis and competitive position is on the horizontal axis. bullockyAverageWeakHighOncologySurgeryRadiologyMedCardiac CareOrthopaedicsPathologyLowDental careX RayMedical Storesennead functions of a healthcare institution have been graded with the use of the GE matrix in terms of market attractiveness on the vertical scale and competitiveness on the horizontal scale. A certain amount of approximation and estimation has been appli ed because of the compulsion of putting only one unit in a box. The organisation has special skills, including the services of high quality specialists in oncology, cardiac care, and surgery and should reinforce these functions with appropriate investments in equipment, staffing and resources. The three squares on the objurgate hand bottom of the matrix represent functions that are commonly available and do not tangibly add to the competitive position or the market attractiveness of the organisation. These functions are however required and should be carefully consolidated. The three other functions, namely dental care, orthopaedics and radiology have strengths either market attraction or in competitiveness and should be selectively and carefully strengthened.

Saving Your Culture in America Essay -- Cultural Traditions Immigratio

Saving Your Culture in AmericaMany people come to the United States for freedom and to live out the American dream.What is occurrence is many people are trying to fit in with the American ways that they lose a dress circle of their own culture by absorb into the American society.By losing your culture you lose a part of yourself.Knowing about your history and learning about other peoples history can come back you a greater actualiseing of other ethnic groups and in some ways enrich your life.By preserving your culture and learning about others, it will help you to understand people better.If more people did this communication would be better between the vast ethnic groups.And by learning all of this you learn a lot about yourself and who you are. My cultural background has helped me to understand who I am and how I am different in my own unique way because of my ethnicity.Both of my parents immigrated to the United States in the 70s from the Philippines.My mother grew up in a wel l to do family where she was the youngest of seven children, mend my fathergrew up in a middle phase family where he was the second oldest of eight.They both lived comfortable lives with their respective families and wet to good schools where they were educated well and taught the English language. In the 70s my father came to the states with his family and they settled in gelt, while my mother came to the U.S. with her sisters and they settled in Michigan.My father came to Michigan to visit relatives often and on one such occasion he met my mother.They fell in get it on and got married all in the span of a few months.After they were married they decided together to live in Chicago but they often commuted from Chicago to Michigan to visit my mothe... ...ges of Race. BorderTexts Cultural Readings for Contemporary Writers. Ed. Randall Bass. capital of Massachusetts Houghton-Mifflin, 1999. 400-410 Bray, Thomas J. Memorial day and Multiculturalism. Detroit News 24 May 1998. 16 pars . 15 September 2000 <http//www.detnews.com/EDITPAGE/9805/24/bray.html Cose, Ellis. Whats White, Anyway? Newsweek. 11 September 2000. <http//www.english.wayne.edu/kitchens/klan.html Takaki, Ronald. A Different Mirror BorderText Cultural Readings for Contemporary Writers. Ed. Randall Bass. Boston Houghton-Mifflin. 1999. 589-596. Tan, Amy. Mother Tongue BorderText Cultural Readings for Contemporary Writers. Ed. Randall Bass. Boston Houghton-Mifflin. 1999. 11-15. The Klans Fight for Americanism. 1926 Pamphlet. 10 pars. 15 September 2000 <http//www.english.wayne.edu/kitchens/klan.html

Computer Viruses :: essays research papers

Computer VirusesExplain the difference between viruses, worms and Trojan horses in the context of computer and data security. talk of the measures that need to be taken in order to maintain security.There is a type of computer program that is designed and written to destroy, alter or damage data stored on computers without your knowledge or permission. These are some of the problems that these programs cause? Your computer displays annoying messages? Your computer develops strange visual and sound effect ? Files on your computer mysteriously disappear? Your computer starts working very slowly? Your computer reboots unexpectedlyThese programs are typically referred to as viruses although technically the compute term virus actually refers to a specific type of pest program. Other types are called Trojan horses and worms. The difference between these pest programs is how they behave when fight a computer system and I am going to look at each type individually to explain the differe nce starting with viruses.A computer virus is a program that is designed to replicate and spread itself on its own, preferably without anybody knowing it exists. They spread by attaching themselves to other programs (such as your treatment processing or spreadsheet programs). Then when a file with a virus attached to it is executed the virus will as well be executed. Viruses can in like manner attach themselves to system files the computer uses every time it is switched on, these are called boot sector viruses, and can cause persistent and widespread disruption to the computer. Viruses can also infest chronicles such as those created with a word processor. Infested documents are stored with a list of instructions called a macro, which is essentially a mini program. Then when the document is viewed the macro is activated. These viruses are called macro viruses and actually account for 67.5% of all virus damage.Worms are very similar to viruses but are technically different in the way that they replicate and spread through the system. The difference is that programs or files don&8217t need to be run in order to activate the bedcoer of a worm. Because of this worms can be very dangerous when released on to computer networks. The Internet Worm was released on to the Internet on the 2nd November 1988 spread to over 6,000 computers in less than a day. And the total monetary costs of this infection are estimated at about $98,000,000. Which proves how much damage can be make with a worm.